托福official57听力conversation1 Piaget原文解析+翻译音频

[00:00.00]NARRATOR: Listen to a conversation between a student and a professor. 
[00:04.85]FEMALE PROFESSOR: Hi Eric, how are things going?
[00:06.93]MALE STUDENT: Oh, I’m really busy with my workload. Some professors assign so much reading that… It’s like they think we have no other homework.
[00:14.50]FEMALE PROFESSOR: One of the most important things you’ll learn in college is how to manage your time. How to, you know, prioritize. [00:20.86]When to say no to a social engagement if you have a paper due, that sort of thing.
[00:25.11]MALE STUDENT: I guess so.
[00:26.12]FEMALE PROFESSOR: So, how are you finding the material we’re covering in class?
[00:29.15]MALE STUDENT: I’ve actually come to talk to you about it. I have a six-month-old niece, so I find early childhood development really interesting. [00:36.14]Piaget—that Swiss psychologist you told us about—his development theory is really cool.
[00:41.64]FEMALE PROFESSOR: Yes—his theory that cognitive development in children occurs in four stages that you can, ah, actually observe.
[00:49.03]MALE STUDENT: Yeah, um, so my niece, she’s in the, um, sen-sor-i-motor stage now, right at the part where she thinks things disappear when they’re out of sight.
[00:57.37]FEMALE PROFESSOR: Very good. She probably won’t understand that objects continue to exist even when they’re out of sight until she’s a month or so older.
[01:05.81]MALE STUDENT: Yeah. Yesterday, we were knocking a little ball around, and it rolled under the couch. [01:10.28]She immediately lost interest and reached for something else.
[01:13.08]FEMALE PROFESSOR: Because to her, the ball ceased to exist.
[01:15.51]MALE STUDENT: Yeah. I’ve actually been taking notes on her behavior because I’d like to write my term paper about her, if it’s OK with you.
[01:21.84]FEMALE PROFESSOR: Your term paper?
[01:23.20]MALE STUDENT: Yeah, I’d like to do a case study or something. Piaget watched his kids and, like, changed the whole world of psychology.
[01:29.77]FEMALE PROFESSOR: Wait a minute. Piaget didn’t just observe his own children. [01:34.24]He did exhaustive research over thirty years to develop and test his theory. [01:38.84]And anyway, your assignment isn’t to do a study; it’s to research the literature on a particular psychological topic and write about it. [01:46.07]And I gave you a list of suggested topics to choose from.
[01:49.17]MALE STUDENT: Well, what if I researched something like: Is it possible to speed up, uh, cognitive development? [01:54.95]Like, if I reached under the couch to get the ball while she watched me, would she learn earlier that objects don’t disappear? [02:01.99]Or can’t six-month-old babies think that way yet?
[02:04.80]FEMALE PROFESSOR: Uh, umm…I do applaud your initiative, Eric. [02:10.40]However, I sincerely doubt you could get any kind of valid or meaningful information from such an experiment.
[02:17.98]MALE STUDENT: But I already put so much time into watching my niece.
[02:21.25]FEMALE PROFESSOR: Remember, this is only a freshman psychology class. [02:24.79]You aren’t trained in carrying out an original research project. [02:28.42]I wish you had come to me earlier, but, you know, there’s still some time before the due date. [02:34.09]I suggest that you recheck the list of topics. At least one of them relates to cognitive development. [02:39.75]Then come see me again if you have any questions.
[02:42.38]MALE STUDENT: OK.