题目解析：
1. 题干：Select the sentence in the passage that proposes how to reduce the effects of microplastics on human health. 选择文章中提出如何减少微塑料对人类健康影响的句子。
2. 分析：题目类型：信息查找题。解题策略：题目要求找到“提出减少影响之方法”的句子。关键信息是“proposes how to reduce the effects”，需要寻找包含解决方案、建议或行动步骤的句子。
3. 定位信息理解：句子1:描述微塑料如何进入人体（现象）。
句子2:描述长期健康影响未知且令人担忧（问题）。
句子3:提出减轻微塑料影响的努力（总体解决方案）。
句子4:提出提高意识以减少环境中微塑料的存在（根本性预防措施）
4. 分析选项：句子3 (“Efforts to mitigate the impact...”) 提出的“改进废物管理”和“开发替代品”，是从源头上减少微塑料产生和排放的宏观措施。这些措施通过减少环境中的微塑料，来间接达到减少其进入人体并危害健康的最终目的。这是最直接、最具体地 “提出如何做” 来解决问题的句子，其最终目标就包含了保护人类健康。
Humans are also affected by microplastics. Research indicates that microplastics can enter the human body through ingestion and inhalation. The long-term health effects are still being studied, but there are concerns about their potential to cause inflammation and disrupt hormonal functions. Efforts to mitigate the impact of microplastics include improving waste management practices and developing biodegradable alternatives. Raising awareness about the sources and dangers of microplastics is crucial for reducing their presence in the environment.
