MOCK TEST 1 According to the speaker, what is meant by “bonding social capital”?

[00:00.00][00:00.11] Listen to a talk in a sociology class.
[00:01.00][00:04.70]Woman: Our relationships—whether with family, friends, or institutions—play a big role in our lives. These social connections, known as social capital, help us cooperate and support one another.
[00:02.00][00:17.74] Social capital comes in three forms: bonding, bridging, and linking. Bonding social capital involves close ties—like those with family or best friends—that provide emotional support.
[00:03.00][00:31.12] Bridging social capital connects us with people from different backgrounds, helping build understanding and cooperation across groups.
[00:04.00][00:39.23] Linking social capital refers to our relationships with people in positions of authority, such as teachers or community leaders, who can help us access resources and opportunities.
[00:05.00][00:50.81] Now, one of the key benefits of social capital is that it can enhance community resilience. When people trust and support each other, those strong ties create the resilience needed to face challenges like service disruptions or economic hardship.
[00:06.00][01:06.29] On a personal level, strong networks can help us find jobs, share information, and feel supported.
[00:07.00][01:12.69] However, social capital isn't always positive. Sometimes, tight-knit groups can become too exclusive, leaving others out and reinforcing inequality.
[00:08.00][01:22.69] That's why it's important to build connections that are open, inclusive, and supportive of everyone.