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托福听力official9 According to paragraph 3, what was the relationship between lichens and ferns in the development of plant life on Hawaii? 答案解析

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6.According to paragraph 3, what was the relationship between lichens and ferns in the development of plant life on Hawaii?
 
Ferns were able to grow because lichens created suitable soil.
The decomposition of ferns produced minerals that were used by lichens.
Lichens and ferns competed to grow in the same rocky environments.
Lichens and ferns were typically found together in volcanic areas.
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正确答案:A
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A 以lichen和fern做关键词定位至前两句,说lichen分解了岩石,准备了富含矿物质的土壤,接着其他的植物就来了,然后就出现了fern,所以lichen对fern的作用是提供适合生长的土壤,A正确。B错,原文说decomposition的不是fern,是岩石;C和D都没说。

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